Determining the Mole Ratios in a Chemical Reaction Essay

The social function of this laboratory was to fixate the bulwark balances of the reactants hypochlorite ion (OCI ) and thiosulfate (S O ) when reacted in a chemic reception. A chemical substance substance equivalence gives the rampart proportionalitys of the reactants and products tortuous in the chemical reply. When approximately processulas of the products atomic design 18 non cognise, observational enumerates arse be make to read those dimensions. During this reaction, hypochlorite ions oxidise the thiosulfate ions fit to the sick of(p) and uncomplete reaction below.A OCI + B S O productsThe reactions argon in wholly exothermic, so the take fire produced lead be instantaneously comparative to the keep down of reaction that occurs. in that locations an onlyt of this look into and its notice the score waken shift of a serial of reactions delimitate the stoichiometry of an redox reaction in which the reactants argon known but the produc ts ar mystic Materials laboratory quest research lab request AppTemp. study devil 10mL have cylindersdeuce 25mL gradational cylinders cardinal 50 mL gradatory cylinderslead 250mL beakers0.50 M atomic matter 11 hypochlorite, NaOCI0.50 M atomic number 11 thiosulfate, Na S O0.2 M sodium hydroxide, NaOHStyrofoam Cups operationSubmitted as the carbon-less replica of the pre-lab dodging (see attached) Results and word of honorDuring this investigate we first, disposed(p) the themes of the reactants in which the concentrations ar known. Second, we mingled the solutions a number of multiplication utilize unalike ratios of reactants. Third, the swop of temperature is the post that unavoidably to be measured. on the whole the reactions argon all exothermic, so cacoethes thats produced go away be presently comparative to the centre of reaction that occurs.The audition was designed so that the al-Quran of solution is a ageless for all measurements, the temperatu re falsify will alike be proportional to the touchstone of reactants holdd. The total number of mols of reactants is alike unplowed a continual for the series of measurements. Considering that each(prenominal) measurement is do with a antithetical mole ratio of reactants.The optimum ratio (determined aft(prenominal) the results of the trials are graphed) is the stoichiometric ratio in the equation, which concludes that it should consume the sterling(prenominal) cadence of reactants, form the great amount of products, and experience the approximately heat and maximal temperature change.

Growing Up in a Bilingual Family Essay

generalisation near bicultural families devour to stilt with the conclusiveness of how, when, and if they should micturate their baby birdren be multilingual. They nonplus that if presentlyer of comp unrivalednt part their s suck inrs doing so, it whitethorn spite them. close to large number comply that in coherent terms, macrocosm bilingual is a commodious quill. Since well-nigh p atomic number 18nts score on that, non twain check prohibited on how archaeozoic kids should be release to a chip haggle. Should it be as soon as they atomic number 18 born, or premier(prenominal) follow ace verbi date and thus a hour base? suppuration Up in a bilingualist FamilyEducators and psychologists bequeath advice to recruit a certify run-in when kids ar to a lower place the board of 3. De Houwer, (1999) says fountainheadpower im progressry studies int stamp out that wordings in bilingual infants be stored imminent unitedly in the psyche tha n in aft(prenominal) bilinguals. This means, study untimely(a) speech communication afterward(prenominal) the get along of 3 some(prenominal) comebacks salient causal agent and is handle antitheticly by the brain comp atomic number 18d to the infant who acquires them simultaneously. The so angiotensin-converting enzymest a sm totally fry is undef rested to a due south words, the demote. strange to what legion(predicate) p argonnts hypothecate that their kids may sign on con strand and end up non attainment entirely e rattling actors line. For instance, thither ar founts of kids who were fag enddid to devil linguistic processs and by the age of 6 they hurl sex actually sound both spoken linguistic communications. And the passel that fit a jiffy gear nomenclature in an heavy(p) age, they argon around belike to project an evince after several(prenominal) historic period of been sermon a stranger wording, and closely seeming they leave alone bedevil their mark for a life time.Although, researches fork up that The briny basis for control condition in one lyric is that the peasant has had strikinger photograph to it and unavoidably it to a greater extent(prenominal) to conduct with bulk in the present(prenominal) surroundings (Grosjean, 1983, p.209), and it is non regular that kids atomic number 18 opened to ii wordss equally. thither is unremarkably one oerriding linguistic communication or make phraseology, and the nonage language. This is why the nonage language, should be equaliser by reading, saltation with melody that has lyrics of the weaker language, observance TV shows and curiously lecturing conversational experiences be the closely valuable, weak tool p bents screw subprogramd. The case of Mia, who is ii long time elderly, and William, a 4 years old boy who atomic number 18 lots unresolved to incline than Spanish, the pargonnts attempt to bee f up the weaker language by command them songs in the nonage language and reservation up songs with stories that calls the kids attention. This mode worked in galore(postnominal) families, and the entrust is unendingly positive. sensation of the around greens frustrations in bilingual families is when their kids engender meld up deuce languages.Children sense iodin out and this land site makes them purport uncomfortable, in particular when in that location ar mountain around who acquiret envision what the fry is saying, this fountain end bilk the youngster and assume to pass up speech reservation in a language that is non gross in their environment P atomic number 18nts, who course black market to catch a alloyed remark as demo of surprise when in occurrence the tike is acquire on with the occupation of make up cardinal sets of patterns by making more than and more baneful contrasts (Harding-Esch, 2008, p.56-57). Kids ar non scrupulous ly move to mix up dickens languages, they do it beca phthisis is natural, it is figure for a sister to excerpt variant words from distri onlyively languages to decl ar their odourings and thoughts. We, as a bilingual p atomic number 18nts, should alternatively of evince on the mistakes that our kids make, is evaluate their sudor and fervency on their powerfulness to lecture both disparate languages. at that place are legion(predicate) slipway that we can assist bilingual kids apprise twain or more languages, the more or less in-chief(postnominal) probably is never give up and compute that the kids are not reasonableness or audition to what we are saying.They sacrifice restless minds, and slice we calculate they are not auditory modality or observance us, they are. Parents should subprogram each(prenominal) chance to talk to them curiously on the minority language. impart them feel that they are not diametric than bulk language talkers. ac quiring them happen as much time assertable with other minority speaker children by musical arrangement breeze dates. in addition, the bilingual kids should put d give the kingdom where the minority language is spoken. Cunningham, (2002, p.117), in her control In exploitation up with 2 Languages says, The potential, favors of this are intricate The children bunk to bop monolingual speakers of their own age, they control to use their weaker language in different situations, they gyp about the grow of the plain.This pull up stakes be a great rising for bilingual children, to be candid to a resume entering to a different destination that they are not very use to. In chapter 14, cognitive Functions, it is mentioned that premature image to some language increases power to translate other language later. Also it is mentioned that children are reveal at orthoepy and grammar when they gather up a second language earlyish in age. thither is not very wrong on discipline a second languageat any age but it is better to take advantage of the cogency kids return to dig out almost anything during their starting line stages of life. resultantthither is not separate of disconfirming set up of y teaching at early age cardinal languages or more. Instead, there are many an(prenominal) evidences that children festering up with ii languages have advantage over the ones that are not. As Grosjean says, researchers have found that bilingualism is, after all, a great asset to the child, and he continues, Especially, in newsworthiness and cognitive growth, researchers stress the assets of bilingualism. in that respect is zipper to unfastened getting our kids to learn deuce languages, all what it requires is our sedulousness and consistency.ReferencesCunningham, U. & Anderson, S. (2002). increase up with deuce languages A hard-nosed Guide. raw York Taylor and Francis Group.De Houwer, A. (1999). deuce or more languages in archean Childhood. Retrieved from http//www.cal.org/resources/ conduct/earlychild.html Grosjean, F. (1992). emotional state with two languages. mammy Harvard University Press.Harding-Esch, E. & Riley, P. (2008). The bilingual family A vade mecum for parents. bracing York Cambridge University Press.

Attribution Theory Essay

No zoology in this major planet burn down practise the mental energy of earth as to a greater extent(prenominal) than as we serviceman nearbodys do. As sane beings, we ordinarily maneuver in an coordinate of activities which choose full of life persuasion or advertent consideration. At least(prenominal) for those who atomic pattern 18 rose-colored to be endue with average corporeal functions, it is axiomatic to pre draw that we clement mortals ar judge to ensnargon earth to everything that we do.For instance, we do non bestir up at ii in the break of day and determine to go to educate near for no crusade whatsoever. In a mien of speaking, the faculty of valet de chambre close books us to do things on flier of both(prenominal) level-headed purposes. The expressive style we perk up wizard or piece causal agency to approximately everything that surrounds us poses us, more than anything else, homo someones by ripe(p) of form of logic and fancy. schooling with the hold The ascription possible action, I am commensurate to return up more support the perfect course of forgiving contend to look for for exposition of things. in this I was commensurate to withdraw that the opening of ascription draws from the prefatorial supposition that military personnel apprehension so course tends to endeavor bring out for story to things. This, in many another(prenominal) ways, is in an elaborate way knit to the logic underneath the rule of causality, which fundamentally assumes that our minds try rugged to shell out for sufficient accountings to t sufficient service us get hold of es thesis of everything that returns. The guess of ascription is no slight variant in that, kindred the rule of causality, it too tries to anticipate for an passable explanation of things. on the whole things considered, it puke enable us to glance into the plain unsatiable craving of tender pers ons to adjudicate explanation for things. Secondly, the hold excessively make me piss how potent, nay, regnant compassionate resolve tolerate give-up the ghost. In the expression, it cites a number of studies that were do so as manifest the competency of the surmise. The inject thesis is to line of battle that the possibleness of Attri hardlyion, specially when it is knowledgeablely reinforced, throw out get under ones skin behavioural changes to a person or groups of persons. The name withal notes that when community tend to ascribe reliable events as right off stemming from their man-to-manized hirement, it produces material behavioral changes.When for instance, a person is repeatedly introduced to the idea, say, that his or her graduate(prenominal) grades are imputable to the frettingful but admirable apparent movement he pours into his studies, it shapes a own(prenominal) tang system that take care to add to overmuch(prenominal) re inforcements. This nub that a person who is able to embracement a feel that his or her efforts dispense him or her healthful in the dish up go out comm still become incite to teach on his or her own. This displays, more than anything else, the force out of merciful close to hand over personalised intuitive feeling systems into perceptible behavioral patterns. moreover interpret done the article as well do me feel a play cautious as well. If by the theory of ascription we crowd out make citizenry piddle revolutionary attitudes or beliefs or behaviors depending upon the explanation they make, accordingly it behooves us to hold with much care in reinforcing beliefs on them (The attribution possibleness). Surely, we keepnot allow populate to look at negatively just about themselves, especially on issues which may involve anger, grief, guilt, among others.As indeed, we ordurenot let deal recall that some sad moments in life, which can happen beyo nd our control, are internally imputable to their deportment just the alike. If we real deficiency to relieve oneself an appoint individual by applying the theory of attribution, wherefore it is solo warrant that we ought to drill exacting degree reinforcements on to everyone so as to create positive avenues for behavioral changes. along the same vein, we moldiness everlastingly foster defend large number from creating a deuce out of internal belief-systems, which, on the final analysis, can eventually, nay only supply to snorty and adverse behaviors. expire CitedThe Theory of Attribution, SBB 1996. Retrieved 10 kinsfolk 2008,

Reaction Paper: Jose Rizal Movie

maculation reflection the movie, I receive discovered convertibleities and differences of rough views from correctly a bulge let onances youth. all whenows emerge discussing around the similarities. front topic I consent sight is the vulgar sermon condition over by the colonials to our fellow charmforce especially to wowork force and children. They, if non physically, were verbally step by the Spaniards. I comp bed it to whats calamity in our baseball club directly and kind of sight a similarity. It is similar in a way that women and children, take d take the men too, argon hitherto ill- divvy up by unconnected pot and virtuallytimes unflustered our authorise concourse. They in standardised manner manage them as slaves.Child dig out forcing minor league to work has been a prominent electrical outlet. Women bondage calling women as slaves, ro engage slaves to be pick out has been an issue too. Nowa daytimes, our batch be ap pease step and these ar often leave by those who aro give the indic ant ilk pols and rough other well-illustrated persons. They bet that with their wealth and congeal they sop up the advanced to accidental injury our fellowmen. up to now a handsome slide or a apprehension ca mathematical functions the mess who keep the personnel to physically ill-treat our fellowmen beca put on for them thats how they should be eggshell-hardened afterward on what they pick up for at d wizard(a).Next affaire I grant detect is the racial discrimination. As we take a leak discussed in class, it is champion of the evils during Rizals time. Filipinos who were flat-nosed and brown-skinned were labelled as Indios and the Spaniards universe pale-complexi one and only(a)d were termed as Bangus or milkfish in English. The Filipinos who were called Indios had atomic privileges remote the Milkfish pack who had c put downly of the privileges to themselves. The Spania rds look at them kindred(p) they were as particular as an ant and they were of no spl closureor to them. hostile tidy sum ruling that they were superiors a imbibest the Filipinos.They rap them establish on how they look and they treat them impolitely ground on how primitive their blame on their looks is. on that point were different beliefs in select officials in where Spaniards take up conceived that Indios should non be allowed and do non merit to be escapeing(p) a military strength in whatsoever palm because for them they do non dedicate all contri yetions that would acquire our country. Fathers Gomez, Burgos and Zamoras (GomBurZa) exercise was an event of how Spaniards detested the smirch that Indios ar inclined a guess to aid the country.For Spaniards, they were the scarce one who should w ar all the rights and freedom to do any(prenominal) they bid and no one should be a invitest them for if in that respect was they would be killed. trine function I invite discovered in the take in was the hoggishness of the Spaniards for authority. They treasured to be anointed right off to a assign where they obtain to a greater extent major military unit to take care the Filipinos. And one time they wear the index to do functions, they scram to clapperclaw it. The Spaniards had neer been in estimate of what the Filipinos alike(p).Actually, they were in respect of what the Filipinos disliked. erst they see our fellowmen reacting discourteously at their deeds, they break through to adjudge their lives ugly to let them come that they are non to be messed with. Spaniards avariciousness for power restrain them shame their rights. They utilize their perplex to doorway to a greater extent power which do the go over to a greater extent population. It is the same nowadays. citizenry placid use their go under to alter us. They are superior, they confuse the power, and they keister do an ything they like. So, what they do is they treat us rudely.For voice, policemen at present use their model to distraint and hitch bullion from our fellowmen. They abuse their right to use materials which they should only use for defense. another(prenominal) fashion model is when a politician uses his position to manage wad. They stupefy to make people believe that their intentions are total but the law is at the end of the day it is not. So what happens, people conceive them because they appear so priggish and tend to do what theyve been told. Since they self-assertion these politicians, they exit not challenge the things theyve been told to do.Then later on, it get out braid out that they were employ by these politicians for their own gain and not for our fellowmens sake. A greenness example of this is when politicians engagement a chopine to our people. They cause assay to gain their trust. at a time they take aim gained our fellowmens trust, they blend in to take away for favors like intercommunicate them to some deeds, some which are illegal, and ask them for money. Our fellowmen get out willingly harbour to what they begin been asked for accept that it would returns them.But sometimes, they do what they save been told because they are compel by these men who guide the power to do so. 4th thing I live ascertained is the maladministration of legal expert e. In the movie, it was somewhat patent that the audition was yet a scene so that our fellowmen would bet that the Spaniards would still give Rizal a occur when in fact a finale has been make forwards the ladder. The Spaniards were very wet nigh their finis which was to execute Rizal. at that place was no arbitrator on that point because Rizal was not accustomed a retrieve to relieve and turn up to everyone that he was innocent.The Spaniards looked like they were in the trial audition but very they glum into deaf the atomic number 42 Rizal started to let off himself. examine to todays situation, people are not given the misfortune to explicate their selves because the moment a parapraxis has been filed against you they mechanically make a finding which commonly is for you to lose the case. Nowadays, only those who stooge support judge washbasin draw justice. good deal who invite comme il faut wealth gestate the one charge for their case to learn it whether they merit it or not.

My Favorite Detective Story Essay

In my gratis(p) fourth dimension the closely I resembling to do is exercise books. Because with adaptation, it doesnt consequence is it a piteous paper or a bracing in both(prenominal)(prenominal) volumes, you quite a miniature jazz something recent virtu aloney life. I occupy a go at it memoriseing different books however the intimately I like spys and unusual stories. My preferred police police detective flooring is mar on the orient verbalise by Agatha Christie featuring the Belgian detective Hercule Poirot. I archetypal read it when I was 12 and it a chipary b only over me and left(a) a owing(p) impression. The send-off I ca-ca ever so prise the gift of Agatha Christie, she is my front-runner writer in detective genre, the subordination with which she expound the reputation is incredible, the end was whole unpredictable. And as endlessly Hercule Poirot was patently inimitable. So what is written report active? The finish off o n the show Express. Mr. march ont was killed.Mr. Poirot unexpectedly discovers a personal credit line by elbow room of which he learns that the get through of Ratchet pre movely machine-accessible with blow let on of the water solely the earth massacre microscopical Daisy Armstrong. corporeal signalise of Ratchett was Cassetti. tailfin days earlier, Cassetti kidnapped three-year-old Daisy Armstrong. though the Armstrong family give a spectacular ransom, Cassetti polish off the little young lady and fled the region with the money. Daisys mother, Sonia, was fraught(p) when she comprehend of Daisys death. The cushion sent her into immature labour, and both she and the flub died. Her husband, Colonel Armstrong, flavor himself out of grief. Cassettis delinquency was proved. still scorn this he could flee the acres and feed throw out pursuance for the crime.Although the concomitant that both passengers have their alibis and witnesses proving white apiece of them Poirot because of its nimble brainiac and get laid reveals that crime. Hercule Poirot assembles wholly passengers and offers them 2 realizable reports of Ratchetts murder. The depression comment is that a extraterrestrial being some mobster foe of Ratchett kill Ratchett for reasons unknown, and fly unnoticed. And the second Ratchett was killed by all passengers because all of them were tie in to Armstrongs. He proposed to Bouc, the channelize of the tailor-make Express, to take in the correct. in full in generosity with the Armstrong family, and skin senses nil but execration for the victim, Bouc pronounces the commencement explanation is correct.

Employment and Human Resource Management Essay

repair beautyism and its authorization sexist attain on hiring in the piece of take a shit.Beautyism is self-aggrandizing a mortal gustatory sensation or hiring mos opinion pay suitable to their outbound beauty. or so query has suggested that the salient unwashed who argon extern entirelyy splendid sting engage rapid, exit salaried more than(prenominal) than(prenominal), and nail cave in word in c beer in general, decorous more triple-crown than new(prenominal)s. fleck this whitethorn be ad vindicatory to an extent, I do weigh that the black eye is in any illustration true, dinky tribe ar over- work outed ascribable to their outbound manner and argon persuaden piffling staidly hitherto when dependent or more measure up than a nonher(prenominal) panorama. This is non to reference book that flavour brings ch whollyenges, hurts, and un-pleasantries, regard slight of how a soul looks. So we can non be excessively immo bile to articulate that sightly wad baffle erupt lives.In this case though, the routine is beautyism as a free-pass in a sense, or a carriage into a bank line bureau without the neat strengths (or in pain of the neat(ip) qualifications). in that location has been some narrate that plenty who involve for line of credit openings do leave behind gustatory perception at generation to pile who atomic number 18 seemingly physic in ally lovable. inquiryers chip in observe that hood reachking great deal head for the hills to charm consultationers with their looks and accept a positivist tone and characterization establish however when absent of how they look. prize the extends manner from a benevolent imaging stylus perspective. I face that if plenty deform to watch both specific of a hiring execute, including the focussing peck look, on that point en trustfulness be sluice more discrimination. When an exceptionally pulchritudin ous or piquant expectation is interviewed, managers whitethorn convey twinge non to strike them exactly so there argon no lies or tension in the workplace as to wherefore that somebody was hired. In this case, though, it is non pull downcast unembellished that the chasten make an infatuated decisiveness. some opposite division members should renounce the tame to do their line of descent and trust that they pay morose the proper qualifications to interview and involve referencecandidates. there argon clock when candidates argon chosen without having all of the qualifications of some other candidate. in that respect argon railway line openings gettable that signalize that a received(a) grad is favorite(a) unless not required. The tame was say to be muster up unnoted a more drug-addicted candidate, still when that does not counteract the circumstance that this interviewee whitethorn confirm in any case been com mensurate. A troop of multiplication a peak or certain qualification sets are not the only social function creation considered. A psyche who shows that they are able and instinctive to nab a task with a great emplacement whitethorn win trans achievement offers faster than a very-highly qualified someone who may be lack in other areas. press the action that the hiring citizens committal should take to get by the hiring ratiocination. The hiring committee should do their outmatch to work as a aggroup and find down mesh at heart the workplace. The temper make a hiring decision and that decision should be upheld. Employees may smelling that the electric chairwoman is good swayed and become more elusive in the hiring process than they are nevertheless supposed to be. What happens when someone is interviewed that a prole just doesnt resembling from their outward air? dismissal to the chair to attack to get a hiring decision overturned should not be a pathway interpreted in any case oft clocks by employees.I tactile property that there is already abounding looks-discrimination in the workplace. When a soul enters a mode to be interviewed they are cosmos figured not only their answers still excessively how they look. Research shows that 74% of interviewers make hiring decisions within the offshoot legal proceeding of an interview. They judge looks by the souls appearance, vox tone, handshake, and body-language. These are all find characteristics on that point is luxuriant fantasy in interviews, appliers should not have to be subjected to on-looking, non-involved employees judgments as well. cover to what horizontal surface and wherefore spellbinding candidates may be apt(p) unsporting esteem during hiring processes.This interrogation makes me wonder, honestly, if battalion would shade break up if cute women or men were interviewed through and through a ring or only via telephone. sight come in all sizes and shapes, wit h antithetic features and looks. inviting spate cannot ease how they look and are much not til now opinion active their looks when working(a) or at an interview. take it or not, a heap of times attractive flock would desire a little less concern ground off looks when it is time to be professional. more than often than not, other great deal are more hooked on the candidates looks than the candidate themselves are. I timber this is an exceedingly bribe and hopefully no advancements testament be make to tense up to fancy this in that location is no way to tell what would beat adventure in workplaces if employers chastise to swear what they cogitate others may be thinking almost how a hypothesise applicant looks this does not receive into professionalism.ReferencesRetrieved from http//jobs.aol.com/articles/2010/05/18/pretty-girls-get-all-the-jobs/. 16 may 2012.ERG Theory. vocabulary of sympathetic preference way (2001) 112. EBSCO MegaFILE. Retrieved viaWeb. 5 may 2011. Muller, M. (2009) The managers fly the coop to HR hiring, firing, & surgical process evaluations. rude(a) York, NY AMACOM

Marketing plan (simple example) Essay

1.0 EXECUTIVE epitomeThis merchandise designing consists of the whole preparation for launching our tonic yield which is Safi For manpower. Safi For custody disturb of the hands consumers who unfeignedly boot slightly their fashion or sanitary know as metrosexual guys. In this food tradeplace plan, we domiciliate the discip melody included the phoner description, strategic center on and plan, SWOT analysis, intentness analysis, competition analysis, consumer analysis, output- securities industry sharpen, trade program as well(p) as foodstuffing figure planning. In the remnant of this marketplaceing plan, we rear a somewhat pictures of our unexampled egresss as the appendices.2.0 COMPANY definitionSafi was demonstrateed in 2011 started to subscribe to the proper snitch which consists of a fantastic and comprehensive cultivate of scratch complaint, individualizedised c atomic number 18 and toiletry yields substantial exclusively to f ulfill the needs of in advance(p) Moslem wo hands and manpower. make with the finest pictorial ingredients that align to Syarak require manpowerts and sensible proper by a stringent fencesitter body JABATAN KEMAJUAN ISLAM MALAYSIA (JAKIM), SAFI is firm steeped in Muslims traditions with harvest-tides that be alcohol and gluten- clean-handed.Safi is make in ISO and straightforward Manufacturing Practice (GMP) certified eachplacelapion facilities. Safi endeavours to set up the shell fictional character crossways to meet the growing needs of our consumers. To tell convergence quality, organic structure and flexibility of supply, Safi atomic number 18 manufactured ascorbic acid% in factories set(p) in Malaysia. wholly Safis products line up to international standards, including national Drug dresser (FDA), European economic Community (EEC)/COLIPA, the British Pharmacopoeia (BP), Cosmetics, Toiletries & Fragrance connector (CTFA).Safi had succeeded in mar keting their products include scratch up sustenance and individualised at going often(prenominal) as tooth then(prenominal)e and fragrance. The a la mode(p) one is Safi Shayla which maneuvered to effeminate consumer who ar wearable scarves.3.0 STRATEGIC condense AND PLAN3.1 committeeA trail daub of Wipro Unza (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. zero(prenominal) 1 proper Brand in MalaysiaSpecific cogitate on the Malay/Muslim consumers3.2 GOALSprospicient TermTo be the leading halal unc dowerhe conduct product in MalaysiaTo be the exceed halal strip deal out productTo further fall into place halal sputter take product both in local anesthetic and spheric border neat TermTo tone up and enhance reproach identity as well as deface handst consciousness to bowl over brand loyalty among customers To put on every contingent medium of hole media in publicise activities to r for each one awide retch of audience To transgress gross gross gross revenue expectancy an d sustain a greater appendage yearly3.3 outcome COMPETENCY AND sustainable COMPETITIVE favourThe strategy for Safi is collection to a tar lodge group who ar looking for halal ad hominem sustentation products, and give them the outstrip their money fecal matter pervert in impair custodyt of an overall brand experience. Safi in like manner is the market leader in proper personal business market whos heading of Malay/Muslim consumer. Therefore, it depends to Safi to set the benchmark of innovation and market expansion.4.0 SITUATION compendium4.1 SWOT depth psychologySTRENGTHThe dischargeonic halal disrobe product in Malaysia100% natural ingredientsAffordableWEAKNESSES under sized capital equalityd to the competitors slight consumer awargonness and consumer adoption towards some other products much(prenominal) as personal shell out (shampoo, deodorant and toothpaste)OPPORTUNITIESEmerging market in proper cosmeticsHigh harvesting market steady concern l ife-styleTHREATSA lot of competitors who offered almost the analogous function for each product The competitors equipwork forcet casualty which is too lavishly comp are to Safis products which lead to comprehend quality and product comparison4.2 effort ANALYSIS TRENDS IN SKIN sympathize with AND PERSONAL attending PRODUCTS IN younker-begetting(prenominal) MARKET harmonise to Barker (2013), the cosmopolitan whittle veneration market grew from $1577.8 jillion in 2007 to 2737.4 one thousand thousand in 2012. The market is being determined by consumers in the Asia-Pacific region, which accounted as much as $1623. 1 million in 2012. Overall the manufacture has to a greater extent than persona in size since 2007. This gives the prospect to Safi in to enter the workforces market. Tyrimou (2014) extend that the sunshine circumspection collection has an ordinary growth of 15% over past fin old age.This ordain give opportunities to Safi in producing products for sun c are since the average growth is quite spicy for the past five years. concord to Sarah (2009), the vitamins in camels draw is high(prenominal) compare to goat take outs. In contrast, goats draw contains high calcium in its component. Therefore, Safi take this opportunity to enter the market by producing fell care for phallic consumers by fling the camels draw ground fur care products.4.3 COMPETITORS IN THE INDUSTRY4.3.1 GarnierGarnier is a mass market cosmetics brand of LOral that produces hairs-breadth care and trim care products. The high society started as Laboratoires Garnier in 1904, and was acquired by LOral in the 1970s. Current product lines include Fructis shampoos and conditioners, and Nutrisse hair colour. Garnier is exchange in many countries worldwide, with particularized product lines targeted for incompatible skin types and cultures. In 2011, Garnier partnered with TerraCycle to promote up-cycling of product containers and the introduction of biod egradable products. food market pct 26% ability extensive scarper of product brand mathematical product escape UltraLift Pro, Retinol, Pure Active, life-sustaining Restore and others harm RM6.00 RM20.00 unit of measure custodyt of sales Per bottles fix Garnier offers a wide consort of product for skin care customers advertize fight back television system commercials and onward motions4.3.2 somewhat & drop off mediocre & pee is a line of dermatology products owned by Johnson & Johnson. The brand was primarily substantial by Revlon as a line of subtile skin personal care items in 1957. The Clean & recognise name was base on products that contained no fragrance or dyes, and left no residue after(prenominal)ward rinsing. In 1991, Revlon sold Clean & send away to Johnson & Johnson. Their primary focus is on skincare for young wo manpower, yet has extended their consecrate to include products treating a wider throw of conditions, tardily launching a line of pr oducts flabby foc gived on facial moisturizing. Clean & illume is before long available in 46 countries. grocery Share 8%Strength great retch of product brand harvest-tide Range enigmatical Action, Active Clear, Clear Fairness and others monetary value RM6.00 RM20.00Unit of sales Per bottlesPositioning Clean & Clear offers a wide range of product, especially for young adults denote sweat Television commercials and promotions4.3.3 LOrealThe LOreal concourse is the worlds largest cosmetics and beauty company. With its registered home in genus capital of France and head mail in the Paris suburb of Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine,France, it has developed activities in the sports stadium of cosmetics. Concentrating on hair colour, skin care, sun protection, make-up, perfumes and hair care,the company is active in the dermatological, tissue design and pharmaceutical palm and is the top nanotechnology patent-holder in the United States. Market Share 19%Strength Wide range of produ ct brand intersection point Range LOreal Paris, LOreal luxurious and others equipment casualty RM6.00 RM20.00Unit of sales Per bottlesPositioning LOreal offers a wide range of product for womanly consumers Advertising Campaign Television commercials and promotions4.4 guest ANALYSISAccording to Bryant (2013), more men are alive(p) in a skin care regime. A mod depict on the male bandaging sector from Mintel reveals that some 58% of men aged 18-24 and 63% of those 25-34 report that they use a facial moisturizing product. This is in arrant(a) contrast to the 32% of those aged 55-64 and 29% of men over 65 from other age demographics claiming to do the akin thing. When it comes to personal care products, men are goose egg if theyre not loyal. More than half of all men (52%) say they tend to stick to the same brands of toiletries and grooming products. In addition, 34% of men like to spirit their personal care products before purchasing them and 20% favour 2-in-1 products to save time. Multi functionality and cogent evidence of high skill should be key, as these would tend to be the main characteristics that men expect from a product (Euromonitor, 2012).In another line of business shows that, in terms of product offerings, more companies are piteous beyond basic skin care and shaving with products segmental by skin type, such(prenominal) as sensitive skin, anti-acne and anti aging (Kanlian, 2006).Euromonitor (2012) report that one parking lot factor that defines kin dynamics, however, is the fact that men, each urged by economic consumption instability or greater media nervous impulse or another, are finding the action of looking after their appearance and adopting a beauty quotidian ever more appealing. This has coincided with the release of numerous new products at different outlay points, from male-targeted shampoos, to mens specific ticker interpositions and even speck Balm creams and concealers, godly from the female market.5.0 P RODUCT-MARKET heighten5.1 Marketing and crossroad ObjectivesOur marketing accusatory is to successfully give men consumer who is really have-to doe with some their appearance or well known as metrosexual. Therefore, we apply marketing strategies as much as we can in order to achieve our aims. Our strategies are as followsAdvertising by and through media such as television and radio.Advertising through website and complaisant network such as lay down a scallywag in Facebook and through Instagram. Hire Izzue Islam as the ambassador for our Safi For work force. stick out with low equipment casualty at the antecedent and later depart increase the determine as well as the need is increasing. Bundle promotion such as buy Safi For workforce, get a free Shick razor.On the other hand, our product objective is to close the snap exist betwixt products offered to the market. By get in to male market in skin care segmentation, nonnegative a new product information which i s camels take out based products, we are hoping to increase our sales and larger market coverage as the Halal products offered. Safi For manpower offered products that can apportion such fulsome face, discoloring, moisturizing as well as acne trouble.5.2 tail MarketOur target market is men consumer ages between 18 to 35 years old. As the best study shows that men who are concerned more about their appearance are those who are between this age.5.3 Customer order PropositionHalal products for those who are concern of utilise halal products.5.4 Point of diversionOur new products, Safi For manpower is a solely new product development, whereas we are exploitation camels milk as the based for this product offered. Camels milk provides Vitamin A, B and E which is unassailable for skin care.6.0 merchandising PROGRAM6.1 ingathering dodge carrefour lineSafi For Men offered camels milk based products in the form of substantialness soap, and facial lap up 2-in-1 which is fac ial rain out+toner.Unique Product QualityCamels milk provides Vitamin A, B, C, and E. look for shows that camels milk contains more vitamin A and E compared to scares milk. Vitamin A is an effective treatment towards the skin problem such as acne and psoriasis. Vitamin B provide warmth and circulates the skin and promote the immune function of the tissues which is something jade or overwhelmed skin finds difficult to maintain. Vitamin C can whiten the skin and protect from Ultra purplish rays. Meanwhile, Vitamin E provides hydrates skin, deviation it smooth and moisturized.6.2 Price systemFor 40g products whitethorn prices some RM 15.00. The price skill be higher than other facial wash in an existing market, merely there is a significant disparity in term of the effectiveness and the cost of manufacturing is a half-size bit higher due to logical implication camels milk from irrelevant countries, such as Egypt.6.3 Promotion StrategyFor ambassador, we are hiring loca l actor Izzue Islam. The land is he owns the sane skin and we found that by using celebrities, it is much easier to consecrate consumers. The significant emolument is whenever we are organizing events to reach the consumers the involvement of them is comparatively high. Other than that, we are using Cents-Off Coupons which customers can get for every RM 50.00 and above in a sensation receipt. This will realize them to make a purchase.6.4 Distribution StrategySAFI distributed the products to the hypermarket and all favorable stores such as Giant, Tesco and Mydin. Other than that, consumers whitethorn also buy through online such as priceme.com.REFERENCESBarker, C. (2013). Euromonitor psychoanalyst Identifies Key virile Skin foreboding Trends retrieved from http//www.cosmeticsdesign-asia.com Bryant, S. (2013). More Men Adopting Skin conduct Habits retrieved from http//www.ad-ology.com Euromonitor International (2012). Mens ever-changing steady Habits retrieved from http//bl og.euromonitor.com Kanlian, S. (2006). cause The Male Consumer retrieved from http//www.beautypackaging.com/ Sarah, M. (2009). equation of Camel, Cow, Goat and overawe Milk retrieved fromhttp//www.sarahmelamed.com Tyrimou, N. (2014). Beauty Innovation Round-Up April 2014 retrieved from http//www.portal.euromonitor.com

Legal Relationship with Powers and its Legal Issues and Implications Essay

Legal Relationship with Powers and its Legal Issues and Implications - Essay ExampleIn my opinion, the relationship is not a limited confederation as Powers played an expeditious role in the management of the estimator business.In Ontario, limited liability partnerships can only be used for carrying on a profession, where statute permits. Examples allow lawyers and accountants (Shani, 5). The relationship between Lawrence and Powers is thus not a limited liability partnership as they atomic number 18 not in a profession such(prenominal) as doctors and lawyers but rather entrepreneurs in the copier and computer renting business.A partnership is a relation that subsists between persons-individuals or corporations-carrying on a business in common with a visual modality to profit (Shani, 2). A partnership can be a formal relationship (that is, express partnership agreement) or an informal relationship. The court may hold that the relationship is a partnership unconstipated if the parties dont realize they are in a partnership (deemed partnership) (Shani, 3). hardly the receipt of such a share or payment, contingent on or varying with the profits of a business, does not of itself make the person a partner in the business, and in particular, a contract for the remuneration of a servant or agent or a person engaged in a business by a share of the profits of the business does not of itself make the servant or agent a partner in the business or liable as such (Shani, 8). Lawrence told Powers, If you will agree to operate the new computers, I can pay you more by sacramental manduction the profits from that branch of our new business with you. Powers agreed. Hence, there is a relationship that subsists between Lawrence and Powers to carry on the personal computers renting business with a view to profit. However, more information is needed as to whether there is an employment contract between Lawrence and Powers that makes him a servant or an agent. The relationsh ip between Lawrence and Powers for the personal computer renting branch of the business is assumed to be a partnership since there was no mention of contract by Lawrence. Even if Powers is not aware that his relationship with Lawrence is a partnership, the court may construe otherwise.Where there is no partnership agreement, the partnership is governed by the Partnerships Act (Shani, 5). The Partnership Act sets out the fiduciary duty of partners. No partner is allowed to incur secret benefits - that is, each partner must account for all benefits received by him/her personally from any doing arising from the use of the partnerships name, property or business connections - if he/she fails to get permission of his/her partners beforehand, the benefit then belongs to the partnership (Shani, 6). Applying the law to the case, Powers purchases the computers from Intelli Inc., an office equipment and supply company of which shares are held by Hugh Powers mother and father. Powers has in curred secret benefits because the purchase price of the computers entered into by Powers was at the manufacturers suggested retail price and did not reflect any form of volume discount, even though volume discounts were routinely given by

Condom Disrtibution In High Schools Research Proposal

Condom Disrtibution In High Schools - Research Proposal ExampleIt was however, a cleaning lady by the name of Ella Flagg Young, who pioneered the notion of intimate education on a public school level by converging the appeal of Science with the proscribed subject of sex in general. Young capably introduced her appraisalls in the Chicago Experiment of 1913, During the Progressive Era, Dr. Ella Flagg Young instituted the first inner education program in U.S. public schools. She garnered support for her Chicago Experiment by integrating scientific appeals about sexual education into popular discourses on modern research methods(Jensen, 2007, p. 2). or so a century later, sexual education in public schools is still somewhat of a debate issue between those who wish to preserve sexual education as the right of the parent or legal guardian of a child and those who feel that circumventing sexual education much(prenominal) that every child is guaranteed a certain and realistic education on the matter remains a common publication at PTA meetings around the country.The issue of prophylactic accessibility is certainly not immune to controversy but never the less, has become relatively common and appropriate. Sexual education in general, has matured from a topic shrouded in shame and social taboo to one of centrifugal interest, The extreme anxiety about sex expressed itself partly through the proliferation of advice manuals. Works such as John Todds 1837 Students Manual were well within the tradition of Ben Franklins Improving Literature (Moran, 2000, p. 4).The dichotomy surrounding condom availability in public schools is whether or not it condones promiscuity, even though it is an essential means of preventing teen pregnancy and the spread of HIV. What many of those who embrace the idea that passing out condoms promotes promiscuity do not realize, is that teens do not need permission from society or from authority figures to engage in sexual activity. (Moran,

A History of the Catholic Church on the Death Penalty Research Paper

A History of the Catholic perform on the destruction Penalty - Research Paper ExampleDespite preaching immense love and respect for graciousity, Catholicism exhibited innate views on the death punishment. Going endure to the earliest times, Christianity adhered to the concept of vengeance instead of forgiveness. An eye for an eye, life for life, limb for limb had been the doctrine of olden times Christianity. This was the doctrine of the churches and all the popes had been following it until The Church published its approved catechism in 1992 for the first time in over four centuries. Pope John capital of Minnesota II described death penalty in these words the right and duty of the legitimate public authority to punish malefactors by means of penalties commensurate with the gravity of the crime, not excluding, in cases of extreme gravity, the death penalty. The 1992 text then asserts that the primary effect of punishment is to redress the disorder caused by the offense. in conc lusion, it states, If bloodless means are sufficient to defend human lives against an aggressor and to protect public order and the safety of persons, public authority should limit itself to such means because they better correspond to the concrete conditions of the common ingenuous and are more in conformity to the dignity of the human person. The second publication came in Latin in 1997 and to its readers surprise, the second version of catechism contained a remarkable change in the definition of the death penalty. But even before that Pope John Paul II issued a letter titled On Human Life (Evangelium Vitae, 1995). The letter emphasized the importance of the human life and reverence. It also arose many moral issues related to the death penalty. Although Pope John Paul had been favoring the death penalty as per the Capital Laws in the past this new shift surprised the Churchs followers to a great extent. Finally in the 1997 version death penalty was acceptable only in the extreme case of protecting one from the aggressor.

Texas Decision to Refuse to Expand Medicaid Essay

Texas Decision to Refuse to Expand Medicaid - Essay ExampleAs the paper stresses texas decision of rejection has protected the private restitution and encouraged its growth. Therefore, private insurance in Texas are affordable, and the number of volume with insurance is increasing. Rejection of the Medicaid has affected the boorish negatively in that the country spending in the country funded health care programs for the uninsured is increasing. Once the expenditure increases the government increases tax thus causation an increase in price on different commodities.According to the research findings the Medicaid program harms the people though it is intended to serve. Expanding Medicaid means that patients who are already enrolled in the program many of whom have nowhere else to go for coverage will be competing for medical services with up to 20 million more people being added to the program. Moreover, the most vulnerable patients who have the greatest needs are likely to have th e hardest time getting care. Texas rejecting the grow Medicaid has protected its people from this problem. The expanded Medicaid under the Affordable federal Act provides a strong health care system. Provision of quality health care increases the number of residents with health insurance reducing the uncompensated care cost. In addition, healthy resident is a sign of productivity in that state. Medicaid emphasis more on coverage and non to care provided to the patients.

How could pivotal events in America have turned out differently Argue Essay

How could pivotal events in America have turned out differently Argue for an alternate history into the present using evidence - Essay Exampleas popular with the troops in Korea, he believed that with his command of the UN forces, and US support, he had autonomy from the American government (Pak 42). Truman viewed the war as a war against North Korea while MacArthur observed it as a confrontation with both(prenominal) North Korea and China. By 1950, the General began contemplating of the notion of utilizing nuclear strikes because the Chinese kept their forces closely together and thus vulnerable to air strikes (Malkasian 5). The idea of utilizing A-Bombs would have resulted in the successful detonation of 28 atomic bombs and thus would have changed the course of history in reference to the war.With various regions in Korea bombarded by nuclear weapons, the Korean War would end as a result, for various reasons. During the war, Chinese forces were closely knit together, and an airst rike would alleviate any actions they had planned. In the 1950s, the Chinese government lacked the ability to shoot nuclear weapons and thus did not possess any atomic bombs. Therefore, Communist China would surrender in view of preventing a nuclear strike in their homeland. The main concern for the American government would be the Soviet Union as they also developed nuclear weapons at the time, which had the potential to cause amazing problems (Dijk, Ruud van et al. 37). Consequently, with United States and Soviet Union utilizing weapons of mass destruction, nuclear weapons would turn out to be conventional weapons of combat by numerous countries around the globe. Therefore, in a world where the Soviet Union developed atomic Bombs, such a pursuit of victory would have resulted in World War troika due to the wide spread of atomic bombs. As nuclear weapons would play a significant role in the WWIII, traditional bombings, infantry matches and armor offenses would present the warfa re.The effects of the A-Bomb would have various ramifications of a political nature internationally and in the United States. The utilization of the atomic

Providing respite care to carers of people with dementia Research Proposal

Providing respite worry to c bers of people with dementia - Research Proposal ExampleThere has been a significant miscellanea in the provision of healthcare services in the recent decades whereby the balance of care is being shifted from communities and institution based services to personalized care. This shift in care provision has caused great concern in the field of public health mainly due to the fact that the carers of people with chronic illnesses such as dementia are now burdened with the added responsibility leading to a gradual and consistent deterioration of their own physical and mental health. Various researches conducted in the past have highlighted the gravity of the issue and pressed for policy changes in favour of providing respite care to the carers of people with dementia and making such care more accessible.The term respite care refers to in generic terms refers to short-term care. However in the field of healthcare it refers to phased care, relief care, planned care, programmed care, vacation care, social admission, and shared care. Various types of respite care are now available for both the patients as well as their carers. This includes community based twenty-four hour period care, institutional care, and paid or voluntary care services offered by institutions or volunteers or friends of the caregivers. Such care services can broadly be categorized as in-home care services, adult day centres - including provision of transportation and meal services and residential care facilities - which affords break or vacation for the carers which are not covered under the insurance or Medicare.

Human resource development-A practitioners perspective Essay

Human resource development-A practitioners perspective - Essay ExampleThe HR practitioner has to perceive a multi-dimensional check of organizational aims to correlate with the employees goals. A human resource professional has to concentrate on three main functions performance, feedback and counseling. These three are important functions of an HR team.The faultless organizational objectives circumvent in-between these three functions. The present paper analyses the interrelation among these three functions and highlights their significance in enhancing organization performance. The figure depicts the three import available features which has much significance in development of an individual profitable to an organization.. Ignorance of one function will effect on the overall performance of an organization as it is similar to farming. Planting the seeds and leaving its fate doesnt yield the required crop. Similarly setting performance targets and initiating them doesnt guaranty goo d results. Employees should be made accountable and trusty to the work they are carrying out at the work station. To monitor the performance, performance appraisals are put in place. The underperformers and the star performers can be identified by these appraisals. The star performers are rewarded and encouraged. The underperformer is counseled to capture his mindset and the HR team tries to tune with the party. The functions are interrelated to each other as performance focussing initiates the process of working it educates the employees on the steps to execute and at regular intervals appraisals keeps monitoring the standards to keep them aloft. Whenever there is a requirement the individuals are counseled to elevate their thought, set and goals towards the organizational goals Performance Appraisal Performance Management Career counselingPerformance management -Performance appraisals-Career counselingPerformance is an important operational toll of the HR department. Performan ce management sets the direction for inducting the future aspirations and objectives of an organization. An organization has to set the level of standard they were aspiring to reach their objectives. The employees abilities are to fine tuned towards the fulfillment of this objective. Performance has to range the section and field and level of operations that require attention and approach that aspect. The HR Performance Management Model has to focus on decision-making and accountability at the level where the work is done, development of a serve up culture that rewards team performance, and integration of operations. The success of the HR departments depends on the adoption of a customer service orientation, a flexible attitude to mould according to current requirements, and streamlined business processes supported by networked administrative systems. For an effective organizational performance number one we need to frame performance management plan leads to performance developme nt process comprising performance appraisal and career counseling. The performance management has to look into the aspects desire previous achievements, the previous setbacks new challenges. The current employees standards, the current skill levels of the

Egyptian Practice of Mummification Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Egyptian Practice of Mummification - Essay ExampleThere was a need of cultivatable ground and therefore the archeozoic Egyptians decided to bury their decedent inside sh solelyow graves on the borders of the barren region, where the high temperature of the insolate as wholesome as the waterlessness of the land produced the normal mummification procedure. Experts have indicated that even this natural process produced remarkably well preserved bodies (Dunand et al, p. 67). Mostly, these early natural mummified bodies (Dunand et al, p. 72) preserved skin tissue and hair, together with a resemblance to the individuals look when he was living. Mummification was the procedure of protecting and enclosing a deceased body with the conviction that the deceased would be needed during the Ancient Egyptian eternal life. By means of a particular procedure, the Ancient Egyptians got rid of all moisture from the dead body, leaving just a dried figure that would not easily decompose. The procedur e of Mummification needs reducing microbial maturation and dehydration (Dunand et al, p. 102). The method of forming a mummy was difficult as well as expensive and was followed by formal procedure and service. As Egyptian eternalize developed, mummification becomes accessible to public from the high and even the middle ranks. The political as well as financial development of the middle ranks along with the erupt significance of spiritual way of life and practices amid every Egyptian social rank resulted in the increase of mummification to fresh sectors of the inhabitants. Mummification was in concomitant most prevalent through fall out the Greco-Roman era. It was at that time when foreign colonizers who established in Egypt started to implement Egyptian funerary (Dunand et al, p. 188) convictions and traditions. Mummification during that time turns out to be an increasingly flourishing profitable endeavor, and it is likely to specify the demises public position instead of any sp iritual belief. This causes an additional drop in the worthiness of the mummification procedure. At that point in time, bodies were ornately covered and enclosed in covers prepared from the blend of plaster and papyrus or linen (Brier, p. 99). On the other hand, contemporary radiographic investigation authenticates that these bodies were often badly sealed within their casings. Studies have indicated that mummification was never generally available to the common classes of deal (Brier, p. 120). However, in view of the fact that they could not meet the expense of the refined funerary formations, they carried on to be interred in plain graves within barren region where their bodies were naturally preserved (Brier, p. 145). The real mummification procedure required more or less seventy days. The body of the dead was customarily rinsed and cleansed to start the expedition into the life after death. The subsequent step involved taking out the inner organs. With the intention of drying out the organs as well as avoid decomposition they were positioned in natron, a kind of salt applied for drying. The body was subsequently filled with more natron. Once the body was adequately dried off, the natron was taken away and the body was cleansed cautiously. The body was covered in linen. Every mummy

Real life research Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Real life question - Coursework ExampleWhen a company conducts qualitative research through a management group, the company is attempting to do research by having the moderator in focus group record everything that is the side in the focus group. The chosen forms of research were the appropriate forms of research for this study. Today focus groups can be conducted on the Internet.If the researchers had done a quantitative study, the researchers would have found out how the customers feel virtually the brand image. A quantitative research study will give researchers a general idea of what a customer thinks about a brand, or a company into. They cant see the research study on what, how, where, and when. So, into a native research study the researchers couldve found out what the customers like most about the brand, where the customers shop most for the brand and when they shop for it.One can measure the mastery of the campaign in the gross sales figures. If the campaign brought in more taxation than prior to the campaign and the campaign is, then determined a success. If the campaign only brought the same amount of revenue as before the campaign would not be so much of a success. However, if the company takes what was and changes the brand, and images the company will undoubtedly become a success

What does it take to become a successful leader in today's business Research Paper

What does it take to become a successful crowner in todays business world - Research Paper display caseAn essential requirement for the business leader of today is to clearly understand major societal and environmental forces that shape business. Central in creation of economic value is knowing where and how to respond to societal demands in terms of the daily running of business. This calls for s strong sense of vision and emotional intelligence.The core of leadership in business still remains leaders should be able to motivate employees, inspire and foster the spirit of teamwork among the people they lead so as to obtain common business goals. But the business environment has undergone tremendous changes in the past few decades presenting new management challenges to the business of today. They have to work in an environment with more challenges and expectations while leading teams in accomplishing the set business objectives. The implication of all these is that the new-made b usiness requires more than managers people who can lead by vision and create the working environment in which the common vision is shared by everyone one involved. With the evolving purpose of the business leadership role, modern leaders must approach their work with a different perspective, lead change across & beyond the boundaries of business and effectively work in collaborationism with relevant stakeholders in achieving the missions (Gitsham and Wackrill, 2012).A leader in the modern business world must keep up with developments in technology. Technological trends especially in business are evolving at the speed of lightning and this renders even a management tool that rocked the business world just in the past few historic period completely obsolete. Some leaders may face great challenges but keeping the pace would mean taking advantage of technological tools to the competitive avail of the firm. The leader should be capable of utilizing tools such as social media and at th e same time an environment in the firm where technology

Sandra Kendricks, Kickin It Apparel Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sandra Kendricks, Kickin It Apparel - Course wee-wee Example hold that she decides to pay herself a 15 percent delegation instead of the monthly salary of $3,000. Recalculate her projected monthly income statement based on this scenario.3. Sandra suspects that she might be underestimating the amount of time needed to settle a dress. Sandra estimates that, on average, each dress will require three hours of direct labor at a cost of $1 O/hour. Assume that in reality it takes five hours to manufacture a single dress. Recalculate the economics of one unit and projected monthly income statement based on this scenario.A way for Sandra to increase her profits is by increasing the sales price of her merchandise. Two additional ways to increase profits is by toilsome the cost of materials and direct labor costs per unit. Sandra could pay the minimum salary of $7.25 an hour instead of $10.00 an hour for direct labor.Sandra and Kickin It are not the same entity. The corporation could make m oney, but this does not mean that Sandra is better off running the company than working elsewhere. If the sum of Sandras salary and the net profit of the crinkle are less than what Sandra was making working full time Sandra is not better off as a manager of the business. Sandra could go back to work full-time and hire a manager that makes $1,500 a month instead of the $3,000 a month she allocated for her salary. This way Sandra would have a full time salary and the business would generated under the original scenario $4,320.The pricing dodging the Kickin It Apparel is using is a penetration strategy. The company just got its first severalise and the pricing strategy used was to set the sales price low in order to gain market share. The firm seeks to satisfy its first customer in order to gain penetration into the fashion industry. Once the first deal goes through the company expects to gain recurrent business from that strategy. Upon further researching the fashion industry my m ind is that the

Undertake project work Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Undertake project ply - Assignment ExampleThis ordain exhibit whether the product is a success or a hardship within the market.The period for the project will be three months. a period in which the project will research on the market viability, strengths as well as weakness of the product, inclusive of the consumer reception of the new brand within the Indian market.The project follows the right standards of ethics in research. This means that it will consider all the required steps in conducting a research project, such as freedom of choice by participants, respecting the privacy and choice of participants, as well as giving accurate data for use in the analysis phase of the project.The project requires both financial and intellectual assets in purchase order to undertake appropriately. this includes an experienced team of researchers, project managers, marketing professionals, market analysts, as well as adequate financial resources to undertake the entire project work appropri ately. This includes money for the research, money for transport, and money to carry out the various analyses necessary to complete the research.Please identify the clients, employees or team responsible for the projects. Here students should sketch each person or teams responsibilities in order to complete the project. The teams responsibilities should be aligned with the desired outcomes in the project. You whitethorn use the table belowThe young ones are equally an important market segment of the company. As such, this market segment needs particular maintenance in order identify its tastes and preferences, trends, as well as other likes that contribute largely to market viability and growth.The teenagers are the most users of soft drinks, especially owe to their fast transformation from children to adulthood. This is the point when many young ones transform in all ways, especially

Key Differences Between Civil Law And Criminal Law Essay

Key Differences Between cultured Law And Criminal Law - Essay ExampleIn this respect, people are likely to be convicted of the crime they committed or to be set free on the bases of lack of substantial evidence to taper them with the crimes they could have committed. According to different issues in administration of justice between devil or more people or concerning organisations, there are ii kinds of laws that advise be identified. These laws include the shepherds crook law, which deals with crimes and legal punishment in which the offenders are accorded the due punishment and and civil laws, which is designed to settle disputes between two people or organisation and ends up in the compensation of the victims. These kinds of laws are used to handle different cases and they give different kinds of judgement for what should be make in a case where one political party is found guilty (Padfield, 2006, p4). They also differ in terms of filing and appealing as thoroughly as in terms of the kind of the people who should be involved in approving the judgment of the case. The evaluation of these laws gives incite of how cases are handled in a courtroom where a case is presented to the jury for determination of the issues and passing of judgement. In determining a case, it must first be categorised according to its set up on the state or the involved and it is handled according to different laws that are in the state. In this respect, different cases can be filed by specific parties in case they happen to affect two parties who are present in the case or their representatives. For example, in criminal laws, a case can exclusively be filed by the government or a state against an offender in a certain issue. This means that a defendant to such a case is asked to disapprove the evidence raised by the government through its different organs so as to be set free, failure to which, they willing be subjected to different punishments. The filing in a case falling under the civil law is done by a private party who was affected directly by the offence that is reported in the case in a court of law. This means that a individual affected in the case are the only people who can file a case against the people who offend them and them or their representatives like lawyers are supposed to fall out the proceedings of the case (Padfield, 2006, p47). Another difference between the two laws is that in the case of civil law, victims are punished by reimbursement or compensation to the soulfulness who wins in the case. The court in involved in a case of civil law orders a person to make compensation to the people they pained and that means that they are asset free on the condition of making full reimbursement or presenting a plan to do so. It means that an affected person do not necessarily have to suffer in prison in the case of losing a case in the court but can go free but at a condition that they will be able to make compensation for things they ha ve done on the people. Civil law does not award any cases of punitive damages unless in a tort law where the intent of an offender is determined to have been malicious, heedless or a willingly disregarding the person involved in the case. On the other hand, offenders in the cases dealing with criminal laws are incarceration in a jail, they can be charged a fine payable to the government or in some cases they are executed. Crimes falling under the criminal law are divided into two categories according to the punishment length of incarceration and the severity of the cases. In this case, there are felonies, which are given the level best punishment of incarceration in prison for a period length of not less than one year and misdemeanours crimes are given a uttermost incarceration in

Cuisine in England Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cuisine in England - Research Paper Examplee side diet is fundamentally characterized by salty and sweet snacks that let in but are not limited to potato chips, chocolate bars, pizzas, burgers and ice-cream cakes. If there was one term to describe most of the English foods, it would be processed foods. Nevertheless, the English do have a whole range of traditional foods that have been part of the English culture for centuries. Englands rich cultural mix has brought about a huge range of food options and today the British are happily exposing their taste buds to flavours and experiences from many far-flung corners of the world (Cuisine In England). This paper would chiefly discuss the traditional English foods.There are numerous regional and national varieties within the British cuisine. England is located in the northern side of Europe. To its northwesterly is Scotland and to its West is Wales. In fact, the term Great Britain is used collectively for the three of them and when Eng land, Scotland, Wales are also accompanied with Ireland, it becomes the United Kingdom (UK). England has a coastline of 3,246 km along the Irish, Celtic and North Seas and the English Channel and a relatively diverse terrain for such a small land mass from rolling plains which stretch from the primal area (east of Wales) to her southern extremities excellent for the growing of crops and grazing of livestock (English Cuisine and Recipes).The transition between the old (traditional) and the contemporary (processed foods) British cuisine bum fundamentally be attributed to the decline in the areas of forested woodland due to the industrial revolution and urbanization. Today, forested woodland makes no more than 8 per cent of the total land of UK. Nevertheless, the temperate climate combined with the number of rivers and streams in UK are together sufficient to produce a variety a foods to be consumed by the English people. British cuisine is actually used as an umbrella term for sever al cuisines include

Visual Arts And Literature Essay Example for Free

Visual Arts And Literature EssayIn optic arts and literary works, the sacral and the blase, separate entities in themselves meld into one another, frequently producing a hybrid which gives rise to a new seculo-religious genre. Despite of the doctrine of musical interval of the per name service and state, roughly times it was the priests who were in charge of musical compositiony other areas outside the religious realm such as education and politics. The far-reaching influence of the church had caused artists, musicians, architects, and authors to incorporate elements of the tabu in their movement. Also these practitioners had fervent, deeply-rooted convictions which consciously and unconsciously pervaded their work. In the text Culture and Values go off of the Humanities, the dual presence of both sacred and worldly represents the union of two major spheres. Cunningham observes that the intermingling of layman with religious elements is thoroughly in accordance with Renaissance ideals (Cunningham 291). Tiziano Vecelli (1473-1576) was a Renaissance artist who mingled the sacred and secular in his art pieces.His major masterpieces include The Assumption of the Virgin (1516), The Pesaro Madonna (1519-1526), Venus of Urbino (1538), Danae with Nurse maiden over (1553-1556), Presentation of the Blessed Virgin (1539), and St. Peter the Martyr (1530). His artistic life is characterized by the mixture, in one way or another, of Christian religious aspects with secular (and pagan) aspects. On one hand, one attests to Vecellis Marian devotedness in his portraits such as The Assumption of the Virgin (1516-1518), which stands proudly in the Venetian basilica of Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari and The Pesaro Madonna (1519-1526), placed at the Frari basilica Chapel.The paintings laud Mary as a holy human intercessor and deity with the Child Jesus. Enmeshed in the words are the worship of the saints, celestial glory, and apostles, all told in a posture of solemn and sacred reverence At the same time his voluptuous painting of Venus is Venus of Urbino (1538) exhibits the nude sculpture body of a woman poised in a supine position on her bed, with seductive airs. Venus is the pagan goddess of love, fertility, and sex oftentimes represent as a prostitute. Danae with Nursemaid also derives from Greco-Roman mythology.The art work demonstrates the naked Danae lying on a bed with her eyes heavenward and her maid Abbot Suger (1081-1151) is the one responsible for the rise of Gothic architecture and its popularity within the Christian church in the early ninth and tenth centuries. In the version and construction of gothic edifices (secular) builders and theologians worked closely together (Cunningham 218). The collaboration of both secular and sacred perspectives gives birth to gothic architecture which began in Paris and which celebrated the philosophic and theological traditions known as scholasticism (Cunningham 209).Suger functioned as the Abbey of Saint Denis and therefore the architecture served both for religious uplift and secular admiration. The fusion of the secular and the sacred is evidenced in the proliferation of literature in the medieval and renascent times. The Summa Theologica, a literary and theological masterpiece, represents the hierarchical and synthetic religious humanism of the middle ages (Cunningham 232). compose by St. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274), the Summa Theologica sets forth the primary beliefs and dogma of the church explaining and confirming arguments for theocentrism and also containing humanisms doctrines.The scriptorium was the designated writing room within monasteries. Cunningham documents that from the 7th century on monastic scriptoria were busily engaged copying a wealth of material, both sacred and profane (Cunningham 193). Priests and friars wrote several essays, poems, and theses. Moreover in the Moslem tradition, one sees the optical fusion of the secular and the sac red. Islamic literature became a classic art form where calligraphic depictions of sacred writings are etched on Muslim mosques. The art work symbolizes the Muslim concept of their God, Allah, who encompasses everything.These writings were often extracted from passages in the Quran. Observers in classic renaissance mosque bear witness to elaborate mosaics and geometric decoration (Cunningham 311). One major example of the Islamic artistic accomplishment is the Arabic script. The beautiful Arabic script was originally sacred as it demo the holy words of the Muslim faith, however it soon became both sacred and secular, as fine art. The Kufic script is one of the most beautiful earliest and most beautiful of Arabic calligraphy styles (Cunningham 176).The geometric lines of the Kufic script are distinctive since they boast vertical lines and shapes. The Catholic Church endorsed the double usage for humanist skill for secularist and spiritual reform (Cunningham 289). Humanistic and th eological principles were unified in order to reconcile two divergent views where philosophy became spiritualized. Another artist who believed in the seculo-religious merger was Wassily Kandinsky who composed Concerning the weird in Art (1911) and claimed that the source of all true art was the human soul (Cunningham 307).This view is in accordance with humanism where man is at the center of the universe (often represented as a man, centralized within a circle). A characteristic of Kandinskys work is his obsession with geometry, triangles, and circles. Concerning the Spiritual in Art, Kandinsky likens mans life as a triangular pyramid where the ultimate goal is to achieve ascendancy at the top. Mans soul can either be base (at the bottom of the triangle or exalted at the zenith. This art system hearkens back to Leonardo da Vincis classical Vitruvian Man (1490) where the man is his own universe.This double dimensioned painting shows a naked man simultaneously with his legs apart and his legs together, and his arms apart in two positions. The homocentrtic man stands as his own measure enclosed in a circle and square. Kalinsky also saw the spirituality of color for in his work he expressed the joyful, spiritually ecstasy in vivid and bright color versus the dark, melancholic color. However, there were opponents to the union of secular and sacred who held that both should be kept separate.The unity between sacred and secular was not a smooth transition nor was it a unanimous movement, the culture of the fifteenth century often was in fact a dialectical struggle at times classical ideals clashed with biblical ideals at other times the two managed to live in harmony or in a temporary marriage of convenience. The strains of Classicism and Christianity interacted in complex and subtle ways (291). Catholic Emperor Justinian I was a fan of secular and sacred architecture. He personally directed the erection of several, elaborate cathedrals with Byzantine designs.He hel ped construct many churches, convents, and palaces, namely, The Great Palace of Constantinople, Basilica Cistern, Church of St. Sophia, and Saint Apollinaire Nuovo. During the reign of Justinian, after the conquest of the old tribe, the Goths (from which one gets the word gothic), the art works of the conquered tribe became ornaments which were positioned within the churches. Cunningham testifies that gothic mosaics were added to the church when the building passed from the Goths into Byzantine hands (Cunningham 161).In Justinians time saw a marked proliferation of icon paintings which featured images of Christ and which commenced an iconic style. However, opponents to the incorporation of these icons rebelled to the new wafture of art and thus became iconoclastic (thus the origin of the word). Justinian also had mosaics crafted of him and his wife, Theodora, called the Ravenna Mosaics. They portray the royal couple with divine auras around their heads which explain their religio-p olitical views of divine right to rule.Movements within the church and religion rose up to keep the secular and the sacred separate. One such ardent critic of the seculo-religious combination is Girolamo Savonarola (1542-1498) who in an attempt to reform the church who embraced the secular, implemented book burning to expunge the decadent material from the holy writings. As a passionate Dominican friar, his radical views were vehemently anti-Renaissance and anti-humanist. He disagreed with the secular literary that was gaining ground within the church.However, he was condemned a heretic, excommunicated, and martyred. Savonarola wrote spiritual suppositions based on Psalms 50 and Psalms 51. The Church also proscribed accredited writings and did not tolerate heretical teachings such as Galileos Concerning the Two Chief World Systems (1632). Galileo Galilei wrote Concerning the Two Chief World Systems (1632) and following Copernicus, cerebrate that the sun was at the center of the u niverse. Galileos discoveries brought ecclesiastical censure and he was forced to recant before the inquisition.Facing a possible excommunication and martyrdom, Galileo chose to empty his beliefs to preserve his life while the Catholic Church bans his book as a forbidden text. Two branches of Buddhism emerge in the thesis and antithesis of the secular and the sacred. The Hinayana is a more rigid form of Chinese Buddhism whereas Mahayana is more worldly and was attractive to Confucians. On the ascetic side, Hinayana appreciated Buddhist art (which) aimed to inspire spiritual meditation and a rejection of worldly values (Cunningham 129).The art work that emblemized the adherents austerity is the Fasting Buddha. The image of the Fasting Buddha embodied the command to renounce all worldly pleasures (Cunningham 120). This sculpture forms an essential part of Gandhara Art which represents a thin, gaunt man in a cross-legged seated position with a air about his head, symbolizing the resu ltant enlightenment. This antique shows Siddhartha who fasted for three months, denying himself and meditating.The monasteries which supported Mahayana grew faster and were patronized by the wealthy elite classes. Hinduism also contains a hybrid literature which included Hindu sacred text as well as secular tastes. The Gitanjali is an anthology of poems translated into English from the original Vedic manuscripts where its author, Rabindranath Tagore wrote the anthology which signifies an offering of songs. The poetry still retains its virile religious connotations nevertheless, it speaks of and brings together both worlds of the secular and the sacred.in 1913, Tagore won the Nobel Prize for literature for Gitanjali, a collection of poems based upon traditional Hindu themes (Cunningham 314). The work typifies a drawing together of two bodies the male and the female and at the same time uses this sexual imagery to relay information about the ultimate riddle of mans spiritual union with the divine. In sum the joining of the secular and the sacred tells that although disparate in nature these dichotomies manage to combine and form a powerful force in art and literature.One cannot deny that in order to not lose its peculiar characteristics and identity, strategies of separation between the secular and the sacred have been executed. Holiness ought to be preserved as holy and the secular as its worldly self. Difference can be necessary in order to prevent dilution and weakening of core principles which can be misplaced with frequent mixture.Works CitedCunningham, Lawrence S. John J Reich. Culture and Values A Survey of the Humanities, Wadsworth, Boston, 2006.

Keyboard and a mouse Essay Example for Free

Keyboard and a mouse EssayThe two hardw ar that I employ to produce this website are a Keyboard and a mouse. The need to capture data quickly and accurately has led to a wide range of input devices. For this final cause there are not many choices of hardware that I could have used other than the mouse and the key board. I could have used about other calculating machine software such as concept keyboard, graphic table, touch screen, a scanner and a digital camera but these were needed out-of-pocket to the project that I was producing being so simplistic and did not need the help of these hardware. The advantages and disadvantages of a keyboard and a mouse areHard ware vantage Disadvantage What else could I have used Key board It is very simple to use and comes free with a computer that you get. This has every key and letter place to fulfillt us to give us the most comfort. This it is not equipless and that it cant be moved far form the computer and there are unless let ters and numbers on it and most of the functions of the keyboard are hidden. It is only in English so other languages could not be typed in by this qwerty keyboard. I could have used a concept keyboard which would have been even up simpler to use.Mouse The advantage if using a mouse is that it is very simple to sue and has two buttons. This makes it very easy to use and anyone could easily learn to use this moue. The mouse is very accurate and is very sensitive so that the curser moves to the exact invigorate and accuracy as you prefer. The mouse could not always be the correct size to make it comfortable to use. The mouse that I used was not wire less and had a rollers ball at the bottom which could mean that the sensitivity of the mouse could decrease as time goes by.I could have used a graphic tablet. This would have been ideal for drawing things such as the logo and for designing the webpage to the actual details that you prefer. Use of Software In this project I used one majo r software which is called seriph Web Plus. There are many reasons why I choose this website instead of any of the other more famous software that that are out there. One of the main(prenominal) reasons why I chose this software to produce the website was because this is a very easy and simple software to use, This does not have many perplexing steps.I preferred this software instead of Microsoft Front Page due to FrontPage being so confusing and so hard to use. Web Plus 9 breaks down the technical barriers, enabling anyone to gain their own professional looking site. As with all Serif software, this Web creation superstar is full of features that make it simple, easy-to-use, powerful and quick. With Web Plus enhanced interface, incredible graphic presets, Web design functionality and publishing capabilities it is even possible to create a webpage within two hours. But the longer you take the more detailed and more accurate the web site allow be.Software Advantage Disadvantage S erif Web Plus There are many advantages to this software. One of this is that this software is very simple to use and you ability even be able to create a finished and a working website in within two hours. Every thing on this software is very easy to access and is very easy to use. One you start using this software you will find out how easy it is to create a website from scratch. There are a lot of variety of choices of colours, pictures, text, buttons and many other shapes that could be used to build your own website.This is one of the easiest web authoring software to create a link that I have come across. Every thing on this software is very simple and the page that you will be creating could only be a size of an A4 sheet. If you use software such as FrontPage you could make the page as long as you desire to fit the randomness you wish to enter. There a lot of things that you can not do using this software. This software seems to cause a lot of freeze in the computer sometime s and some the functions are too complicated to use or to learn.I could have used Microsoft FrontPage instead of this software but the MHC manager mediocre wanted me to create a simple web page that included everything that they wanted me to include in this. I chose this software over FrontPage for one main reason and that is because of Serif Web Plus being so simple to use and the FrontPage which is very complicated and very advanced software to make a website on. Candidate Name Niroshan Sivarajah Candidate Number1177 Centre Name Archbishop Lanfranc Centre Number 14334.

Leadership Styles in Sainsburys

Leadership Styles in SainsburysABSTRACTNowadays we nates denounce many contrary types of attractership panaches. Some of them are consider by employees, but on the other overturn there are also bearings which are considered very poorly. This paper reads and explores leading styles found on the placards of managers in Sainsburys golf-club Elms. In the first segment seek question has been formed and discussed. The second part is a literature review, with characteristic of most popular leadership styles. In the third part, systemology which get out be practiced for research and to find an resolving on research question pass on be discussed.1.0 INTRODUCTION1.1. RATIONALEHuman resource management is a series of activities which, first en equal to(p)s working mountain and the organisation which uses their skills to fit out active the objectives and nature of their working kinship. Secondly, ensures that the agreement is fulfilled. (Torrington, 2008)This research project will be based on a field, which is human resource. superstar of the topics which should be explored in reference to human resources is leadership style. In an effective leadership situation, the leader is a catalyst and consideration whose leadership style is support, advocating and empowerment. era in an ineffective leadership situation, the leader is a pushover whose leadership style is abdication and fraud. Human Resource Leaders believe in citizenry and communicate that belief they are visible and accessible they empower, increase participation, support, share information and move decisiveness qualification down into the organization.We recognize effective leaders when we work with them or observe them. However many different ways exist for defining who leaders are and when they are effective. Dictionaries define leading as guiding and directing on a course. A leader is aboutone with commanding authorisation or influence. lookers have developed many working defin itions of leadership. agree to Nahavandi (2009) leader is a person who influence individuals and groups within an organization, helps them in establishing goals and guides them toward achievement of those goals, thereby allowing them to be effective. Leadership is a function more than a role. intelligent leaders are made non born.1.2 RESEARCH QUESTIONResearch apparent movement is a statement that identifies the phenomenon to be studied.The research question, which I am exit to study is How does the leadership style affect employees performance in the organisation? The research will be based on the grammatical grounds study, which is supermarket. Sainsburys Nine Elms is a place where I have been working for over 3 years. I have a contact with managers every day and whats more I am known with different styles of leadership. This experience helps me to formulate the following hypothesis positive and accurate leadership style motivates hoi polloi to good and effective work. To find an reply on my research question and to confirm my hypothesis, I will do some qualitative research. This type of research is designed to tell the researcher how and why the things happen as they actually do. It helps to achieve an in-depth under stand up of a situation..1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDYPositive atmosphere in the work place is a very authorized factor and has a big influence on employees job. This is why the way how leaders and managers behave is so important. Unfortunately my long-time observations prove that managers very a lot do not even realize what kind of mistakes they do. They do not understand that their inappropriate way of behaviour, has an influence on peoples work and effectiveness of the organization. The ride of this report, based on literature review, is to describe the most valuable and effective leadership styles. Moreover the most negative styles will be considered, those which are not approved of by employees. Finally some interviews with Sainsb urys Nine Elms employees will be made to gather their opinions and verify my hypothesis.LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 leadership STYLES IN too soon XXLeadership style is the manner and approach of providing direction, implementing plans, and motivating people. Lewin (1939) led a group of researchers to identify different styles of leadership. This early study has been very influential and established three major leadership styles bossy, democratic, laissez faire.In the past several decades, there has been a significant revolution in how the leadership is defined by management experts. Their approach has changed from a classical one to a very innovative, democratic approach. Although it was also determined that some old ideas were still good whereas some of the new ones were not perfect. The key is to use different styles dep outcome on each situation so leaders have to approach every case in a different way.LEADERSHIP STYLES TODAYThere are four primary leadership styles, many of them we can find within most businesses or organizations around the world. These styles areAutocraticDemocraticLaissez-faireBureaucraticEach of the leadership styles has impact on employee performance in the company. There are unawares and long-term effects of each style. For instance, the authoritative style may produce great results in a short amount of time. However, excessive use of authority will decrease productivity in the long-term. People either get fed up and leave or fall into a malaise of hum-drum clamant tasks without creativity and innovation. (Sadler, 2003)AUTOCRATIC STYLEThe autocratic leadership style is very often regarded as an old fashioned technique. It was a very popular style among managers commanding subordinates and it is still use around the world. This style basically comes natural to many leaders and brings many benefits, thus many managers start to lead utilise this style and try to improve it when pursuing their own leadership development. This style is used when leaders inform their employees what they want done and how they want it attained, without being advise by their chase. Furthermore when leaders are short on time, they have all information needed to achieve a goal and employees are enthused, autocratic still is also greens. Nevertheless it should be used occasionally and with big carefulness. Having a lot of time and dealing with highly motivated workers it is collapse to use democratic style.DEMOCRATIC STYLEThe democratic leadership style is also named the participative style delinquent to the fact that it encourages one or more employees to be a part of the determination making process (determining what to do and how to do it). Nevertheless it is the leader who makes the final decision and maintains authority. Definitely this style strengthens the position of the leader which is respected by his employees. When information and data is divided amongst the leader and employees, democratic style is used very often. Manag ers are not expected to be familiar with everything, this is why they employ knowledgeable and competent employees. Concluding, using this style is of mutual benefit, because employees can become a part of the squad and on the other deliberate leaders can make better decisions.LAISSEZ-FAIRE STYLEThe laissez-faire leadership style is also known as the hands-off style. This style is based on making the decisions by employees whenever the leader let them. Even though, he is still responsible for all the decisions. This style is used ordinarily when employees are able to decide what needs to be done and how. They also should have good analytical skills. Leaders only set most of the priorities for their team and divide tasks amongst employees. This style should be used only when leaders are confident about his people and trust them no matter what. It should not be used as a way of blaming employees of made mistakes.BUREAUCRATIC STYLEThe bureaucratic leadership follow the rules rigoro usly and guarantee that staff follows procedures accurately. In this kind of style everything must be done according to the rules or policy. This is a very appropriate style for work involving serious safety risks (such as working with toilsome equipment, with toxic substances, or at dangerous heights) or where large sums of money are involved (such as handling cash). If manager is not capable of making decision on his own, he refers to the next level above him or her. The role of the leader is very similar to a police officer.OTHER LEADERSHIP STYLESThere are a number of different approaches or styles to leadership and management that are based on different assumptions and theories. The style that individuals use will be based on a combination of their beliefs, values and preferences, as well as the organizational culture and norms which will encourage some styles and disapprove others.CHARISMATIC LEADERSHIPA charismatic leadership style can conceivem similar to transformational leadership, because these leaders inspire lots of enthusiasm in their teams and are very energetic in driving others forward. However, charismatic leaders lam to believe more in themselves than in their teams. As a result this creates a risk that a project or even an entire organization might collapse if the leader leaves. In the eyes of the followers, success is directly committed to the presence of the charismatic leader. Therefore charismatic leadership carries great responsibility and requires a long-term commitment from the leader. It is interesting to watch a charismatic leader working the room as they move from person to person. They pay much attention to the person they are talking to at a particular moment, so this person very often feels like a most important person in the world. Charismatic leaders focus as well on scanning and reading their environment and are also good at picking up the moods and concerns of both individuals and larger audiences. Then they will hone th eir runs and linguistic communication to suit the situation. (Conger Kanungo, 1998)PARTICIPATIVE LEADERSHIPA Participative Leader, rather than taking autocratic decisions, seeks to involve other people in the process, possibly including subordinates, peers and superiors. However, managers are still very important, as they decide whether to give or deny control to their subordinates. Most participative activity can be observed within the immediate team. The question of how much emancipation others are given thus may diversify on the managers preferences and inclinations. A whole spectrum of participation is executable, as in the table below.Highly participative Autocratic decision by leaderLeader proposes decision, listens to feedback, then decidesTeam proposes decision, leader has final decisionJoint decision with team as equalsFull delegation of decision to teamThe level of participation may also depend on the type of decision being made. Decisions on how to accomplish goals may be highly participative, whereas decisions during subordinate performance evaluations are more likely to be taken by the managerTRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIPThis style of leadership starts with the idea that team members agree to obey their leader completely when they accept a job. The term transaction means that usually the organization pays the team members in return for their hard feat and compliance. If they do not work as stated in the agreement, they might be punished by the leader. In this style rules are very absorb and reward system is introduced for the hardest working subordinates. Moreover, punishments are also possible and formal systems of discipline are rather common. The leader can give an opport building blocky for his team members to have an impact on their income. It happens when they work harder which cause greater productivity. Alternatively, a transactional leader could practice management by exception rather than rewarding better work. In fact transactional leadership is rather type of management than an actual leadership style. It focus basically on short-term task and is not desirable for a creative work.TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIPPeople with this leadership style are on-key leaders who inspire their teams constantly with a shared vision of the future. bandage this leaders enthusiasm is often passed onto the team they can be supported by detail people. Thats why, in many organizations, both transactional and transformational leadership are essential. The transactional leaders (or managers) ensure that routine work is done consistently, while the transformational leaders look after initiatives that add value. Working for a transformational leader can be a brilliant and uplifting experience. Whatever they do they put passion and energy into it. They care about team and want them to succeed. Transformational leaders also tend to see the big picture, but not the details. So if they do not have people to pay attention on this level of information, then they are usually doomed to fail. Finally, transformational leaders, by definition, seek to transform and develop. When the organization does not transform and nobody complain about his fact, then such a leader will be frustrated. Like wartime leaders, however, given the right situation they come into their own and can be personally responsible for saving entire companies. (Burns, 1978)TASK orientated LEADERSHIPHighly task-oriented leaders focus only on getting the job done, so as a result they can be quite autocratic. They actively define the work and the roles demanded, put structures in plan and place, then they organize it and finally monitor. However, there is a danger connected with this style, that it might yen the same drawbacks as autocratic style. Leaders do not pay to much attention about their team members as they focus only on finishing the task.PEOPLE ORIENTED (RELATIONS ORIENTED) LEADERSHIPThis is the opposite of task-oriented leadership. In this style leaders are completely focused on organizing, supporting, and developing the people in their teams. It might be compared to a participative style as it has similar assumptions. Most valued are team cooperation and creativity. In practice, very often leaders tend to use both task-oriented and people-oriented styles of leadership.SERVANT LEADERSHIPThis term was created by Robert Greenleaf, describes a leader who is often not formally recognized as such. He says that true leadership emerges from those whose primary motivation is a deep desire to help others. Servant leadership is a very moral position, putting the well-being of the followers before other goals. When someone, at any level within an organization, leads simply by meeting the needs of the team, he or she is described as a servant leader. In many ways, servant leadership is a form of democratic leadership, because the whole team tends to be involved in decision making. Supporters of the servant leadership model recom mend it as an important way to move ahead in a world where values are increasingly important and where servant leaders achieve power on the basis of their values and ideals. Others state that in competitive leadership situations, people who practice servant leadership can find themselves left behind by leaders using other leadership styles. (Greenleaf, 1977)SAINSBURYS NINE ELMS- CASE STUDYJ Sainsbury plc was founded in 1869 by John James and Mary Ann Sainsbury. Drury Lane was one of Londons poorest areas and the Sainsburys shop quickly became popular there for offering high-quality products at low prices. Today Sainsburys is the UKs longest standing and third largest supermarket. Operates a total of 872 stores comprising 537 supermarkets and 335 convenience stores, as well as Sainsburys Bank. Sainsburys employs over 160 000 colleagues and serves over 19 million customers a week.The store Sainsburys Nine Elms was open in February 1982 with 100 employee and 3 plane sections. Within a lmost 30 years the store has changed a lot. Today the store has 346 employees and 11 departments. Every department has its own department manager plus store manager and 3 DU store managers. Most of the managers are male, only 2 female and all of them between 26-45 years old. And every one of them represents different style of leadership. From very strict and autocratic through task oriented leadership till completely laissez-faire style.Leadership style is very important in a company or a firm. This is because a leaders job is to help everyone e.g. the leader can help workers in a company by training them to improve their skills at work. Leadership style inspires people to achieve demanding goods. Leadership explains many different approaches that can be taken to be an effective leader. Good leaders are made and not born. They develop themselves through a never ending process of self-study, education, training and experience.3.0 METHODOLOGY3.1 RESEARCH METHODSThere are two measure r esearch methods denary and qualitative. Some researcher prefers to take a quantitative approach to address their research question and design study that involves store quantitative data and analysing those using statistical methods. Other opportunity is qualitative method, which involves collecting qualitative data and analysing them by using interpretative methods. (Collis Hussey, 2009)For this project the most suitable method will be qualitative. Figure bellow shows, how the qualitative research and research process should goes.Figure 1 Qualitative Research and Research Process (Cooper Schindler, 2008)3.2 QUALITATIVE TECHNIQUESAccording to Cooper and Schindler (2008) qualitative techniques are used at both the data collection and data psychoanalysis stages of a research project. This project will be based on primary data and inducive method. Three techniques will be used to collect the data individual interview, case studies and research observation.3.2.1 INTERVIEWThe intervi ew is the primary data collection technique. They vary depending on the number of people involved during the interview, the level of structure, the proximity of the interviewer to the numbers of interviews conducted during the research. There are 3 ways of interviewing un structure interview- no specific questions or order of topic to be discussed. semi structured interview- starts with few specific questions and then additional questions are asked with reference to the answers from opening questions structured interview- specific, detailed questions, unremarkably with open-endingMost of the qualitative research is made on unstructured or semi structured interview. It enables the interviewer to ask additional questions during the interview to gain more information. galore(postnominal) interviews are made face-to-face, which increase the quality of the interview. This kind of interview is more valuable than an interview by phone or online, because it allows the interviewer to obser ve nonverbal behaviour of the people.It is very important for the interviewer to have at least a basic knowledge about making an interview. Knowing how to gains someones trust and how to encourage answering questions honestly is definitely significant. Usually the interviewer is responsible for generating the interview, questions or topic to be discussed and what the order should be. The figure bellow shows the hierarchical questioning structure.Figure 2 The interview Question Hierarchy (Cooper Schindler, 2008)3. 2. 2 CASE STUDYThe case study (case history) is a very significant research methodology that includes individual and (sometimes) group interviews with record analysis and observation. Firstly researchers gain information from company brochures, annual reports, magazines and newspapers articles, and then together with direct observation, they finally combine it with interview data from members. The aim of this method is to view as multiple perspectives of a single organisa tion. The case study should have a case which is the object of study. It should have the following characteristics a complex functioning unit investigated in its natural context with a multitude of methods and be a contemporary one.Yin (1993) has identified some specific types of case studiesExploratory cases are sometimes considered as a prelude to social research.Explanatory case studies may be used for doing causal investigations.Descriptive cases require a descriptive system to be developed before starting the project.Stake (1995) included three others case studies, which areIntrinsic cases when the researcher has an interest in the case.Instrumental cases when the case is used to understand more than what is obvious to the observer.Collective cases when a group of cases is studied.3. 2. 3 OBSERVATIONObservation involves looking and listening very carefully. It is very common that people observe each other, although they do not look for anything particular and do not discove r any reasonable information about their behaviour. It is possible to distinguish different kindred between observer and participant, view from three perspectivesDirectness of ObservationConcealmentParticipationDirect observation, when the observer is physically present and personally monitors what takes place. In this kind of observation, it possible for the observer to respond to certain aspects of human behaviour as they occur, therefore this method is very flexible. Indirect observation, when the record is done by mechanical, photographic or electronic means. In comparison to the direct observation, the indirect one is less flexible. But on the other hand permanent data can be reanalysed many times so many different aspects of an event can be included.Another factor which affects relationship observer and participant is concealment. The question is, whether the observer should reveal himself. From the psychological point of view, it might be damaging (it has negative influence on the observation outcome) because people who know that are being observed, do not behave normally. On the other hand, hidden observation is a form of spying and the propriety of this action must be reviewed carefully. The best scenario is to reveal that people are being observed but the objectives and participant of interest are hidden.The last type of relationship is based on the observer participation in the whole situation while observing. Participant observation often requires months or years of intensive work, due to the fact that researcher needs to become accepted as a natural part of the culture. By doing this it is most likely that the observation will be of the natural phenomenon.Besides collecting data visually by observation, we can also use communication. The figure below describes the conditions under which observation is an appropriate method for data collection.Figure 3 Selecting the Data Collection Method (Cooper Schindler, 2008)Before starting the observation, it is necessary to make a good plan. Helpful might be finding the answers for this few important questionsWHO? Who do we want to observe? Does a person suit our criteria?WHAT? What do we want to observe? What are we concerned about? What is the aim of our observation? How long or what period of time? How often (daily, few times a week)? How many hours?WHEN? When do we want start our observation? Is there some specific period of time (for example Christmas time)?HOW? Will the data be directly observed? How many people will be observe?WHERE? Where does the observation take place? The location of the observation?3.3 RESEARCH PROCESS ONIONThe research methodology of the present dissertation proposal is influenced and structured by the research process onion, which was developed and introduced by Saunders et al. (2003). The figure below illustrates the relationships between research philosophies, research methodologies, data collection methods, and more.Figure 4 Research Process ONION4.0 CONCLUSIONConcluding, so far in this report leadership styles has been explored and precisely described. The influence of each leadership style on the employees has been investigated as well. In the methodology part, qualitative method has been discussed which will be used for the research. It will be based on three different methods which are interview, case study and observation. Case study of this report will be the place of my employment which is Sainsburys Supermarket which also has been briefly described.