Mao Study Guide

monoamine oxidases spring up To Power I. monoamine oxidase origin got into radical issues in his homeprovinceofHunan, because there were considerable spheres of influences there II. In 1920, monoamine oxidase stumbled upon professor Chen Tu-hsiu,Chinas foremost Marxist. He gave Mao a position selling fellowship literature in a bookshop III. Mao rose in status to provincial party leader soon subsequentlyward IV. In 1923, the Nationalist Party sought help and m unmatchabley from another(prenominal) source, so they joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The CCP was being given money from the Soviets V.Soon subsequently the Nationalist Party leaders (Sun Yat-sen) death, Chiang Kai-shek took leadership of the Nationalists and separated themselves from the CCP because they didnt wantChinato felon into a Soviet satellite state VI. Chiang began killing off the CCP. Mao and the CCP went on a want March, or retreat using guerilla tactics, to Yanan to flee from the Nationalists. Th ey set up their base there because it was in the sexual union, closer to theSoviet Union, where they could get help VII. Chiang was very violent and killed umteen of his political opponents in the cities.This was to a greater extent visible to the people than Maos violence in the terra firmaside VIII. Most people knew that Chiangs political science activity was corrupt, inefficient, and could not deal with inflation and famine IX. The Marco Polo Bridge Incident led to the full-scale invasion of the Japanese in 1937. This would last until the end of WWII in 1945. During this time a. A truce was called between the Nationalists and CCP b. The Nationalists did the brunt of the fighting against the Japanese c. The Nationalists and CCP were given weapons from theU. S. to fight the Japanese d.The Red Army was built up and members of the CCP were built up by the mass line i. Trained communists were sent in groups into the communities, where they said they had come to listen to the desir es and ideas of the people ii. On their return, the party would then learn what measures would appeal and adapt to their own policies which would be presented to the people e. To brainwash newcomers, Mao did the Yenan Terror during WWII i. employ a Chinese KGB ii. Held denunciation rallies (you were forced to stand in front of peers and halt guilt (things that you did against the Communist ideology) even though you didnt do them) iii. Singing, dancing, and humor were stopped iv. All types of anguish were used 1. Whipping 2. Hanging 3. Sleep deprivation v. No press vi.Thought exami terra firma (you were forced to write down aspects against the Communist ideology and accuse others of the same) f. After the Yenan Terror, Mao had gotten rid of enough opponents to yell himself supreme leader of the CCP X. After WWII, the Nationalists didnt have enough manpower becauseChinawas so large in district a. Manchuria(rich in mineral and coal deposits) was turned over from the Soviets to th e CCP b. CCP took over many areas that the Japanese formerly held XI. The Marshall Mission led to a cease-fire between the Nationalists and CCP, so the Nationalists demilitarized over a one million million million troops a.Many troops did not have strong ties to the Nationalists (because they were former warlord troops) b. They were not helped to amalgamate into society, so they joined the CCP c. These troops located former Japanese weapons depots and showed the CCP how to work the weapons XII. The civil war started up again in 1946 and by October 1949, Mao proclaimed the Peoples Republic ofChina Rise/Consolidation of Power I. Eliminated political parties and churches II. Land was seized from body politiclords and many were executed III. Sanfan, Wufan, and Sufan campaigns were purges against ntelligentsia and CCP IV. Hundred Flowers Campaign was sneaky delegacy to seek come out of the closet political opponents by allowing them temporarily to speak out. The Anti-Rightist Campai gn got rid of anyone who had spoken out against Mao V. Cultural Revolution called for students (called Red Guards) to safeguard Mao by getting rid of art, teachers, members of the CCP, or anything counter to the revolution VI. Laogoi were forced labor camps VII. A compilation of Maos essays were put together in the Little Red Book and taught in all schools VIII. Rectification movements served to eliminate intellectuals who Mao thought were dangerous by sending them to the countryside or killing them IX. Used speeches, propaganda posters, media, poets, film, etc. to prop up Maos craze of personality Previous Conditions I. Chinawas dominated by spheres of influence places of foreign command where the Chinese were looked upon as inferiors II. The country was not unified and had many provinces run by warlords, who were people not subservient to the government III.Previous governments were unstable and corrupt the Manchu Dynasty had recently fallen 1911, Yuan Shikai (a military gen eral) ran the country for the next four years 1912-1916, the warlord era was a period of chaos and great disunity 1916-1925 IV. There were many economic problems a. Widespread poverty b. Heavy taxes c. Large disparity between rich and poor d. self-referent perseverance e. Few owned land V. Chiang was totalitarian and used violence to suppress political opponents his government was also corrupt and took money from the peasants Successes I.Built up a following through charm and manipulation, allowing him to testify up in the CCP II. Escaped the Nationalist army and set up base in the north during the Long March III. Built up the CCP army and following during WWII through the mass line IV. Used the Yenan Terror to in unflurried the ideology, brainwash and instill fear in his followers. All were loyal to Mao after the scourge V. Yenan Terror was also used to brainwash people into thinking that Chiang was the enemy so that Mao would garner more support VI. Used the end of WWII to grab former Japanese occupied territory inChina VII.Acquired and successfully used demilitarized, former Nationalist troops in the Civil fight after the Marshall Mission VIII. Won the Chinese Civil War because of the weakened Nationalist army and became dictator of the Peoples Republic ofChina IX. Ousted all political parties so that his CCP was the only one X. Churches were closed Christianity, Buddhism, and Confucianism were denounced this allowed less potential sources of opposition XI. Marriage Law gave more unspoileds to women, such as the right to own property, no more foot binding, and consensual marriage XII.Health reforms were made to take the nation off its opium addiction, such as harsher penalties, rehabilitation, and education campaigns XIII. Under the Agrarian Reform Law, peasants were given land from rich landlords XIV. Ousted foreigners, so he got rid of all possible spheres of influence and any semblance of away(p) control XV. Hundred Flowers Campaign revealed t hose who opposed the regime, enabling Mao to get rid of them later on through the Anti-Rightist Campaign XVI. Mao regained power (after his Great Leap Forward failure) through the Cultural Revolution, a purge of teachers, art, and party officials XVII.Used the Little Red Book, speeches, posters, badges, etc. to successfully build up his cult of personality. His face was everywhere Failures I. Didnt have the amphibious forces to pursue the Nationalists inTaiwan II. inaugural Five Year Plan built up industry, but failed to reach the target goals and lagged behind the industry of large industrial countries III. Mao also wanted to raise output in factories, so commonality sense and rules went to the wayside in the name of speed. Accidents frequently caused tens of thousands of deaths IV.Anything that peasants could melt down into steel was put in backyard furnaces. Much of the steel was unusable for industry V. Forests were stripped of trees to be used as fuel, so deforestation was w idespread VI. Mao ordered huge drives to build irrigation systems using poor equipment. Some of these projects are still unstable today VII. In the Great Leap Forward, collectivization failed, as food was forcefully interpreted from the peasants because Mao wanted to export the food for industry/weapons (he wanted to be a superpower). 38 million died of famine and disease.Agriculture continued to lag. Mao temporarily fell from power VIII. Sanfan, Wufan, Sufan, Anti-Rightist, and Cultural Revolution terror campaigns were against intellectuals (as well as others), but this got rid of most of the educated people in the country who couldve helped the sparing grow IX. One of the Cultural Revolutions objectives was to wipe out anything cultural, so a coevals of culture was wiped out X. The people responsible for carrying out the Cultural Revolution were students, so schools were closed during this time. precept was stopped completely during this period